Geologists and geophysicists study planet Earth by integrating laboratory, field and a wide range of remote sensing techniques that rely on Earth's magnetic and gravity properties and seismic wave propagation. Discovery in geology and geophysics comes from studying the processes that shape earth's surface, history and composition. These include plate tectonics, evolution and global climate, which contribute to innovation in understanding seismic, volcanic and landslide hazards, and exploration of natural resources such as water, hydrocarbons and metals.